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Quick Answer: The Portugal D7 Visa is a residency permit for non-EU nationals with stable passive income who want to live in Portugal.
The Portugal D7 Visa is a residence permit for non-EU citizens who wish to live in Portugal using their own passive income, such as pensions, rental income, or investment dividends. The 2026 minimum income requirement is €920/month.
Also known as the Portugal retirement visa or passive income visa, the D7 is governed by Lei n.º 23/2007 (Portuguese Immigration Law), specifically Articles 54-55. It allows non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals to obtain residency without local employment, making it ideal for retirees, investors, and anyone with stable foreign-sourced income.
With benefits such as access to healthcare, the ability to bring family members, and a potential route to permanent residency and citizenship, it's a popular choice among expats.
At Movingto.com, we provide expert guidance through every stage of your D7 Visa application, ensuring a smooth and hassle-free process. Contact us today to get personalized assistance with your application.
Key Takeaways
D7 Passive Income RouteEligibility requires regular income from pensions, rental properties, dividends, royalties, or stable financial investments. While remote work was historically accepted, such applicants are now primarily directed toward the D8 Digital Nomad Visa.
Income requirements are pegged to the national minimum wage, which increased to €920/mo in January 2026. Applicants should also maintain €11,040 in a Portuguese bank account as 12 months of subsistence savings.
AIMA requires a 12-month registered rental agreement or property deed. Informal accommodation letters or short-term platforms like Airbnb are increasingly scrutinized and often rejected.
The main applicant must add 50% (€460/mo) for a spouse or parent and 30% (€276/mo) for each dependent child to the baseline income requirement.
The initial 4-month visa allows entry for a mandatory biometrics appointment with AIMA (formerly SEF). In many cases, the appointment date is indicated directly on the issued visa sticker.
To remain eligible for renewal, holders must not be absent for more than 6 consecutive months or 8 non-consecutive months within the permit's validity period.
D7 holders may apply for Permanent Residency or Citizenship after 5 years of legal residence. Citizenship requires reaching A2-level Portuguese proficiency and clean criminal records.
Private insurance with €30,000 coverage is mandatory for the initial phase. Once residency is granted, holders can register for the National Health Service (SNS) and access public education.
Overview of the Portugal D7 Visa
The Portugal D7 Visa, commonly known as the Passive Income or Retirement Visa, is available to non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens, including US nationals, who wish to settle in Portugal.
Launched in 2007, this visa allows applicants to live in Portugal by proving a stable passive income from sources like pensions, rental earnings, or investments.
The D7 Visa is an ideal option for retirees, and individuals with stable passive income seeking long-term residency in Portugal without relying on local employment.
It offers access to healthcare, education, and visa-free travel within the Schengen Area, making Portugal an attractive relocation destination.
D7 Visa Portugal for Americans
The D7 Visa is particularly popular among American retirees and passive income earners seeking European residency. US citizens apply through the Portuguese Consulate in their jurisdiction (New York, Boston, Washington DC, San Francisco, or Los Angeles). The D7 visa Portugal requirements 2026 remain straightforward: demonstrate stable passive income of at least €920/month, secure accommodation, and obtain private health insurance. Many Americans find Portugal's combination of affordable healthcare, favorable tax treatment, and English-friendly environment makes the D7 an ideal retirement and passive income visa.
Benefits of the D7 Visa
The D7 visa offers numerous advantages, making it an attractive option for many:
Residence rights in Portugal
Live legally in Portugal with free movement across the Schengen Area
Path to citizenship
Apply for permanent residency after 5 years, with eligibility for Portuguese citizenship
Tax framework benefits
Potential tax efficiencies through the IFICI regime for qualifying new residents
High quality of life
Mild climate, quality healthcare, and comparatively low cost of living
Family reunification
Include your spouse, children, and dependent parents under the same residence permit
Visa-free Schengen travel
Travel freely within the Schengen Area for up to 90 days in any 180-day period
Right to work
Work as an employee, freelancer, or start a business after receiving your residence permit
Access to public services
Use Portugal's national education system and register for public healthcare (SNS)
D7 or D8? Which Portugal Visa Do You Need?
Answer these questions to find your visa:
Choose D7 if
Choose D8 if
Hybrid income? If passive income alone meets €920/month, choose D7. If mostly remote work, choose D8.
Key difference: D7 = lower income requirement but must be passive. D8 = higher income but allows active remote work.
Quick Decision Tree
D7 Visa vs Digital Nomad (D8) vs Golden Visa: Comparison
Choosing the right Portuguese visa depends on your income source, investment capacity, and lifestyle goals. Here's how the three main options compare:
| Feature | D7 Visa | Digital Nomad (D8) | Golden Visa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Min. income/investment | €920/month | €3,680/month | €500,000+ investment |
| Income source | Passive (pensions, rentals, dividends) | Remote work for non-PT employer | Any (investment-based) |
| Work in Portugal? | Yes (after residence permit) | Remote only | Yes |
| Initial permit | 2 years | 2 years | 2 years |
| Renewal term | 3 years | 3 years | 2 years |
| Min. stay requirement | 16 months per 2 years | 16 months per 2 years | 7 days per year |
| Path to citizenship | 5 years | 5 years | 5 years |
| Best for | Retirees, passive income earners | Remote workers, freelancers | Investors seeking flexibility |
Bottom line: The D7 is the most affordable path to Portuguese residency if you have stable passive income and want to actually live in Portugal. The D8 suits remote workers with higher incomes. The Golden Visa is for investors who want EU residency with minimal physical presence.
D7 Visa Eligibility - Must-Have Requirements
You MUST have all of the following to qualify:
Who Cannot Apply for the D7 Visa
- EU/EEA/Swiss citizens - You have automatic right to reside
- Active employment income only - Consider D8 Digital Nomad Visa instead
- Serious criminal record - Offenses punishable by 1+ year imprisonment
- Previous deportation from Portugal or Schengen area
- Unable to prove 12 months income stability
Common Exceptions and Edge Cases
Eligibility Criteria for Portugal's D7 Visa
The Portugal passive income visa requirements 2026 are straightforward but must be documented carefully:
Stable Passive Income
Under Article 54(1)(d) of Lei 23/2007, applicants must have a minimum monthly passive income of €920 for individuals and €1,380 for couples. For dependents, 50% of the primary amount is required for a spouse, and 30% for each dependent child. The income must be stable and documented over the past 12 months.
Proof of Accommodation
Applicants must provide proof of accommodation in Portugal, typically a 12-month lease agreement or a property deed. Short-term stays (like Airbnb) are generally not accepted.
Health Insurance
Applicants must secure private health insurance for at least the first year of residency, covering hospitalization, emergency services, and general medical care.
Clean Criminal Record
A clean criminal record certificate is required from your home country and any country where you have lived for more than 12 months.
D7 Visa Portugal Bank Account Requirements
Opening a Portuguese bank account is essential for your D7 visa application. You'll need to:
- Open an account at a Portuguese bank - Millennium BCP, Novo Banco, or Santander are popular choices
- Deposit proof of funds - typically 12 months of your required income (€11,040 for singles)
- Maintain the account - for receiving income and paying Portuguese expenses
Most banks require you to visit Portugal in person to open an account, though some offer remote opening with a Portuguese fiscal representative.
Stay Requirement
To maintain your D7 residence permit, you must be physically present in Portugal for at least 16 months during the initial 2-year period. This means you cannot be absent for more than 6 consecutive months or 8 non-consecutive months in total. Note: The 183 days/year rule applies to tax residency, not immigration status - these are separate requirements.
Portuguese NIF (Tax Number)
A Portuguese tax identification number (NIF) is required for various administrative processes, including opening a bank account, securing accommodation, and accessing healthcare services.
Portuguese Bank Account
Opening a Portuguese bank account is required to deposit your 12-month savings buffer and facilitate local transactions. See Bank Account Requirements above for details.
Additional Documentation
Completed application form
The official D7 visa application form, accurately completed and signed.
Valid passport
A passport with at least six months of remaining validity.
Passport-sized photos
Two recent passport-sized photographs that meet official visa standards.
Proof of financial means
Evidence such as bank statements, pension income, or long-term rental revenue.
Proof of accommodation
A 12-month rental agreement or documents confirming property ownership in Portugal.
Clean criminal record
A criminal record certificate issued by your country of residence.
Health insurance coverage
Private health insurance covering your stay in Portugal during the first year.
Cover letter and statement
A written explanation outlining your purpose of stay and sources of income.
Ensure that all documents are accurate and up-to-date before submission, as any incomplete or outdated paperwork may delay the processing of your D7 visa application.
D7 Document Checklist - Consulate vs AIMA
Use this checklist to track which documents you need at each stage:
| Document | Consulate Stage | AIMA Stage |
|---|---|---|
| Passport (6+ months validity) | Required | Required |
| Completed application form | Required | - |
| Passport photos (2) | Required | Required |
| Proof of income (12 months) | Required | Required |
| Portuguese bank statement (€11,040+) | Required | Required |
| Accommodation proof (12-month lease) | Required | Required |
| Health insurance (€30k minimum) | Required | Required |
| Criminal record certificate (apostilled) | Required | Required |
| NIF (tax number) | Required | Required |
| Cover letter / statement of purpose | Required | - |
| Biometrics appointment | - | Required |
| Proof of address in Portugal | - | Required |
Application Process
D7 Visa Application Steps
- Gather Required Documents – Completed D7 application form, proof of passive income, accommodation proof, NIF, health insurance, criminal record certificates, passport copies, and passport photos.
- Submit the Application – Submit all documents to the Portuguese Consulate or Embassy in your country of residence. Some consulates may require an in-person interview.
- Application Processing – Processing typically takes several weeks to a few months. The consulate will review documents and may request additional information.
- Visa Issuance – If approved, the D7 visa is added to your passport. This 120-day visa allows entry to Portugal; your 2-year residence permit comes from AIMA.
- Travel to Portugal – Once you have your D7 visa, travel to Portugal and schedule your AIMA appointment to complete your residency application.
- Residence Permit Application – Within 120 days of arriving, attend your AIMA biometrics appointment. Submit additional documentation and receive your residence card.
D7 Visa Timeline - Best, Typical and Worst Case
How long does the Portugal D7 visa take? Here's a realistic breakdown:
| Stage | Best Case | Typical | Worst Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| Get NIF (tax number) | 1 day | 1-2 weeks | 4 weeks |
| Open Portuguese bank account | 1 day | 1-2 weeks | 4 weeks |
| Gather and apostille documents | 2 weeks | 4-6 weeks | 8 weeks |
| Consulate processing | 2 weeks | 4-8 weeks | 12 weeks |
| AIMA appointment wait | 1 month | 3-6 months | 12+ months |
| Receive residence card | 1 week | 2-4 weeks | 8 weeks |
| Total end-to-end | 3 months | 6-10 months | 18+ months |
Note: AIMA backlogs are the main variable - processing times can shift; check with a licensed immigration lawyer for current estimates. Consulate times vary by location.
Need Help With Your Portugal D7 Application?
Movingto coordinates the full Portugal D7 residency process and works with licensed Portuguese immigration lawyers where legal representation is required. Get a clear eligibility check, realistic timelines, and structured support from application to approval.
Book a Free ConsultationRenewal, Extensions and Minimum Stay Requirements
When applying for the D7 Visa in Portugal, it's essential to be aware of the renewal process and the minimum stay requirements to maintain your residency status. After obtaining the initial two-year visa, you must ensure timely renewals and meet specific residency obligations.
Under Article 77 of Lei 23/2007, extensions are available in three-year increments, and staying compliant with these rules is crucial for maintaining your residency permit and working towards permanent residency or citizenship.
Below is a detailed breakdown of the visa duration, stay requirements, renewal deadlines, and associated fees.
| Visa Duration | Minimum Stay in Portugal | Time Period | Renewal Date | Renewal Fees |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial Permit: 2 Years | 16 months in 2 years (max 6 months consecutive absence) | 2-Year Period | Before the end of the 2nd year | €90 application + €160-170 AIMA permit |
| Subsequent Permit Renewals: 3 Years | 28 months in 3 years (max 6 consecutive or 8 non-consecutive months absence) | 3-Year Period | Before each permit expires | €90 application + €160-170 AIMA permit |
Family Members and the D7 Visa
Eligibility for Family Members
Under Articles 98-108 of Lei 23/2007, the D7 visa allows for family reunification, enabling your immediate family members to join you in Portugal. Eligible family members include:
Financial Requirements for Family
When applying for family reunification, additional income requirements apply:
Documentation for Family Members
To include family members in your D7 visa application, you will need to provide:
- Proof of relationship (e.g., marriage certificate, birth certificates)
- Proof of dependency for adult children or parents
- Additional income documentation to meet the financial requirements
Application Process for Family Members
Family members can either apply simultaneously with the primary applicant or apply for family reunification after the primary applicant has obtained their residence permit.
The process involves submitting the required documentation to the Portuguese consulate or Agencia para a Integracao Migracoes e Asilo.
Benefits for Family Members
Family members granted residency through the D7 visa enjoy the same rights and benefits, including access to healthcare, education, and the ability to travel within the Schengen Area. After five years of residency, they may also apply for permanent residency or citizenship.
Financial Considerations
Passive Income Requirement
Proof of Income
Applicants must provide documentation to demonstrate their passive income sources, such as:
- Pension statements
- Rental income agreements
- Investment portfolios
- Bank statements
Portugal Passive Income Visa Cost Breakdown
Understanding the D7 visa cost upfront helps you budget for your move to Portugal.
The total cost to obtain a D7 Visa in Portugal in 2026 includes:
Total estimated cost: €850-€5,000 depending on whether you handle the process yourself or use professional assistance.
Application Fees
- Application fee for the D7 visa: Approximately €110
- Residence Permit application fee: Approximately €160-170
- Additional fees may apply for dependent family members
Health Insurance Requirements
Private health insurance is mandatory for D7 visa applicants. Your policy must:
- Cover minimum €30,000 in medical expenses
- Be valid in Portugal (EU-compliant or international policy)
- Include emergency hospitalization and repatriation
- Cover pre-existing conditions (if applicable)
- Be valid for at least the visa duration (1+ year recommended)
After registering as a resident, you can also access Portugal's public healthcare system (SNS). See our Portugal healthcare guide for provider recommendations.
Recommended Health Insurance Providers for D7 Visa
| Provider | Coverage | Approx. Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Allianz Care | €1M+ | €50-100/mo | Global coverage, EU-compliant |
| SafetyWing | €250k | €40-80/mo | Popular with expats, monthly billing |
| Cigna Global | €1M+ | €100-200/mo | Comprehensive, higher tier |
| Portuguese insurers (Medis, Multicare) | €30k+ | €30-60/mo | Local plans, may require Portuguese address |
Note: Prices vary by age, coverage level, and pre-existing conditions. Verify your policy meets the €30,000 minimum coverage and is accepted for D7 visa purposes before purchasing.
Tax Considerations for D7 Visa Holders
D7 visa holders become Portuguese tax residents and are taxed on worldwide income. Key points:
- Tax residency starts after 183+ days in Portugal per year
- IFICI regime (replaced NHR in 2024) may offer tax benefits for qualifying new residents
- Portuguese-sourced income taxed at progressive rates (14.5%-48%)
- Foreign income may benefit from exemptions under IFICI or double tax treaties
- Wealth tax does not exist in Portugal
- Consult a tax advisor to optimize your specific situation
For complete tax planning guidance, see our Portugal tax guide.
Living in Portugal as a D7 Visa Holder
As a D7 visa holder, you'll enjoy full resident benefits:
Public Healthcare Access
Register with Portugal's National Health Service (SNS)
Right to Work
Work in Portugal after obtaining your residence permit
Education Access
Public education access for children
Schengen Travel
Visa-free travel throughout the Schengen Area
Permanent Residency
Path to permanent residency after 5 years
Citizenship Eligibility
Apply for Portuguese citizenship after 5 years
For more on where to settle, see our guide to Portugal's best cities and the Portuguese healthcare system.
Cost of Living in Portugal
Portugal offers one of the most affordable costs of living in Western Europe, making it ideal for D7 visa holders. Key monthly expenses:
Total typical budget: €1,500-€3,000/month for comfortable living
For detailed city-by-city breakdowns, see our guide to the best cities to live in Portugal.
Common Reasons for D7 Visa Rejection and How to Avoid Them
Applying for a D7 Visa can be a complex process, and understanding common pitfalls is crucial for success. Here's a breakdown of frequent reasons for rejection and tips to avoid these issues:
1. Insufficient Financial Resources
A primary reason for D7 Visa rejection is failing to demonstrate adequate financial support. Visa applicants must prove they have sufficient funds to sustain themselves.
How to Avoid:
- Maintain Clear Financial Records: Ensure you have detailed and transparent financial statements.
- Show Consistent Income: Provide evidence of regular passive income, such as pension statements, rental agreements, or dividend records.
- Demonstrate Savings: Include proof of savings in bank accounts or other liquid assets.
2. Incomplete Documentation
Missing or inaccurate documents can swiftly lead to a visa denial.
How to Avoid:
- Double-Check Requirements: Carefully review the checklist provided by official immigration services.
- Organize Your Documents: Keep all documents well-organized and easily accessible.
- Use a Checklist: Track each required document with a checklist to ensure nothing is overlooked.
3. Criminal Record Issues
Applicants with a criminal record may face challenges securing a D7 Visa.
How to Avoid:
- Obtain a Police Clearance Certificate: Ensure this certificate is from all countries you have resided in for the past year.
- Legal Advice: Consider consulting with an immigration attorney if you have a criminal record to understand your options better.
By paying close attention to these common pitfalls and following these steps, you can significantly improve your chances of obtaining a D7 Visa. Meticulous preparation and attention to detail are key to navigating the application successfully.
Residency and Citizenship
Initial Residence Permit
- Validity: The initial residence permit is valid for two years, as specified in Article 75 of Lei 23/2007.
- Renewals: It can be renewed for subsequent periods of three years each.
- Requirements for Renewal: Applicants must continue to meet the minimum income requirements, maintain accommodation, and meet the minimum stay requirement (no more than 6 consecutive or 8 non-consecutive months absent).
Permanent Residency
- Eligibility: After five years of legal residence, D7 visa holders can apply for permanent residency.
- Requirements: Proof of stable income, legal residency, and integration into Portuguese society (e.g., language proficiency).
Eligibility for Citizenship
- Residency Duration: After five years of legal residency in Portugal, as established by Lei da Nacionalidade (Lei n.º 37/81).
- Language Proficiency: Applicants must demonstrate basic proficiency in Portuguese (A2 level).
- Integration: Proof of integration into Portuguese society, including understanding of rights and responsibilities as a Portuguese citizen.
Application Process
- Documentation: Includes proof of residency, income, language proficiency, and clean criminal record.
- Processing Time: Citizenship applications can take up to one year to process.
Benefits
- Rights: Permanent residents and citizens enjoy similar rights, including access to healthcare, education, and social security.
- EU Freedom: Portuguese citizens can live, work, and travel freely within the EU.
Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them
The D7 visa application involves several practical hurdles:
Document Authentication
All foreign documents must be properly authenticated:
- Apostille: Documents from Hague Convention countries need an apostille stamp
- Certified translation: Non-Portuguese documents require translation by a certified translator
- Notarization: Some documents may require notarization before apostille
- Validity: Criminal record certificates typically valid for 3-6 months
Navigating Portuguese Bureaucracy
Tips for dealing with Portuguese government offices:
- Book appointments early: AIMA appointments can have long wait times (3-6 months)
- Bring all documents: Missing paperwork means returning another day
- Learn basic Portuguese: Helps with communication at government offices
- Consider a lawyer: Immigration lawyers can navigate the system faster
- Be patient: Processing times vary; follow up politely if delayed
Case Studies
Sources
This guide is based on official Portuguese immigration law and government sources:
- Lei 23/2007 - Portuguese Immigration Law
- Decreto Regulamentar 84/2007 - Immigration Regulations
- AIMA - Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum
- Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Visa Portal
- Lei da Nacionalidade (Lei 37/81) - Nationality Law
Last verified: January 2026
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Book a Free ConsultationFrequently Asked Questions
Who can apply for the Portugal D7 visa?
The D7 visa is for non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens with stable foreign-sourced passive income. This includes retirees, investors, and individuals receiving income from pensions, rentals, dividends, or royalties. Applicants must be over 18, have a clean criminal record, and secure a 12-month registered rental contract in Portugal.
What are the income requirements for the D7 visa in 2026?
The main applicant must show a minimum passive income of €920 per month (€11,040 per year). For a spouse, an additional 50% (€460/mo) is required, and 30% (€276/mo) for each dependent child. You must also maintain savings in a Portuguese bank account typically equal to 12 months of your required income.
Can I work in Portugal on a D7 visa?
Yes. Once you receive your residency permit, you are legally entitled to work in Portugal as an employee or independent professional. You also gain full access to the national education and healthcare systems. However, your initial application must be approved based on passive income, not active employment.
How long is the Portugal D7 visa and residency permit valid for?
The initial entry visa is valid for 120 days (4 months) and allows two entries into Portugal to finalize residency. The first residence permit issued by AIMA is valid for two years. Subsequent renewals are typically valid for three years each.
What is the process for obtaining the D7 visa in 2026?
The process involves two steps: first, apply for a 120-day visa at the Portuguese consulate in your home country. Second, travel to Portugal to attend an appointment with AIMA (Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum) to collect biometrics and receive your residence card. You must obtain a NIF and open a Portuguese bank account before applying.
Can family members join me under the D7 visa?
Yes, through family reunification. Eligible dependents include a spouse or partner, children under 18, dependent children over 18 who are single and studying in Portugal, and dependent parents. Each dependent requires an additional financial buffer in your savings and passive income.
What are the stay requirements for D7 residency?
To maintain your residency permit, you must not be absent from Portugal for more than 6 consecutive months or 8 non-consecutive months during the permit's validity. Total physical presence requirements during the initial 2-year permit generally total 16 months.
Can I apply for Portuguese citizenship with a D7 visa?
Yes. After five years of legal residency, you are eligible to apply for permanent residency or Portuguese citizenship. Requirements for citizenship include reaching A2-level Portuguese language proficiency and having a clean criminal record for offenses punishable by imprisonment in Portugal.
What are the healthcare options for D7 visa holders?
Applicants must have private health insurance with a minimum coverage of €30,000 for the first year. Once your residency permit is issued, you can register with the Portuguese National Health Service (SNS) and access public healthcare at significantly lower costs.
Is it expensive to live in Portugal on a D7 visa?
Portugal remains one of the more affordable Western European countries, though costs vary by region. While cities like Lisbon and Porto are more expensive, rural areas offer a much lower cost of living. Passive income earners may also qualify for tax benefits under regimes like the IFICI regime (which replaced NHR in 2024), depending on their specific financial setup.